Read BGP paths as observations, not routing promises
Interpret RIPE RIS AS paths, observation counts and alternatives. Learn why the most observed route is not a confirmed primary or backup path.
IPXpert · Network engineering
Practical routing and IP resource guides
Start with the tool you actually need, then use the evidence correctly. These guides distinguish observation from inference and link to primary technical references. No route monitoring, geolocation or standalone ASN search capability is implied.
Interpret RPKI origin validation without overstating security
Check a prefix and origin against ROAs. Distinguish RPKI validity from validator errors, and investigate ASN or maximum-length mismatches safely.
IP to ASN: separate route origin from registered ownership
Find the observed origin ASN for an IP prefix and distinguish routing origin, registry attribution and commercial network relationships.
Use Iran IP lists with an explicit data and policy model
Understand Iran IPv4/IPv6 list attribution, registry-country limits and safe MikroTik, Cisco or FortiGate deployment without geolocation guarantees.